Mural Paintings in India - Art and Culture Notes
India has a long traditional of artistic excellence and painting is one of the major mediums that have been used to express it.
Painting flourished in India since ancient time.
Archaeologists have found wall paintings in parr of India, which suggest that even the early historic man in India was engaged in activities of art.
History of paintings can be known from primitive rock paintings of Bhimbetaka, Mirzapur and Panchmarhi.
They were followed by the painted pottery of the Indus valley civilisation, but the real beginning of the art of painting begun from the Gupta Age.
In the third century AD Vatsyayana in this book Kamasutra mentuoned about 6 main principles or shadanga of painting.
RUPABHEDA,.... The knowledge of looks and appearances
SADRIYAN,......Resemblance, degree to which a depiction is similar to an artistics vision.
BHAVA,....... The feeling on forms.
VARNIKABHANGA,......An artistic way of making use of the brush and colours.
PRAMANAM,....... Accuracy and precision of measurement and structure.
LAVANYAYOGANAM,......Blending grace in an artistic representation.
★The representation of the myths and lore an textiles is known as lepya chitra.
★Art of Lekhya Chitra, which has line drawings and sketches.
Pre-Historic Painting
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★ The Pre-historic paintings were generally executed on Rock and these rock engraving were call Petroglyphs.
★ The first set of pre-Historic paintings were discovered in Bhimbetaka caves in Madhya prodesh.
★ This painting generally depict animal like Bison, beers and tigers etc
They have been called the zoo Rock shelter.
★ It is an oldest human Art from and can be found all over globe.
There are three major phases of pre-Historic paintings.
Upper Paleolithic period ( 40000 - 10000 BC )
One of the most common mineral was ochre or geru mixed with lime and water. The white, dark red and green were used to depict large animal like Bison, elephant, tigers, etc. for the human figure red used for hunters and the green mostly dancers.
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Mesolithic period ( 10000 - 4000 BC )
This period mainly saw the use of red colour paintings also become similar during this period. One of the most common thing depicted in these paintings is group hunting.
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Chalcolithic period ( 3500 - 2300 BC )
painting using the green and yellow colour. Concentratc on depicting battle sences.
These are many paintings of men riding horses and elephants some of them even carry bow and arrow which might indicate prepavedness for skirmishes.
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Mural paintings in India
The work on the walls or a solid structure are referred to as murals.
these had existed in India scene ancient times and can be dated between 10th century BC and 10th century AD.
Mural painting can be seen in place like Ajanta, Armalai cave, Ravan Chhaya Rock shelter, Bagh Caves, Sittana vasal caves and Kailashanath Temple in ellora.
The painting follow a theme the most common being Hindu, Buddhist and Jain .
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